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station this is houston are you ready

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houston we are ready

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european space agency this is mission

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control houston please call station for

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station this is the issa moderator

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i hear you five by five how'd you hear

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me

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i hear you five by five how'd you hear

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excellent thanks so much hello tomah

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good afternoon you're now connected with

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romania ireland and portugal i'll hand

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over to you for some opening remarks

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all right hi everybody it's a pleasure

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to be with you today

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from the international space station

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i

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have

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lots of different countries today and

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i'm ready to answer all of your

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we will begin with our first two

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questions from romania romania please go

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hello i'm moved from gymbolia

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when we think of space most people think

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of exploration what are some other

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activities related to space

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that society may not be

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aware of

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and that's a good question there's a

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there's a lot of activities uh that we

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do in space that people might not be

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aware of uh there's earth observation

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uh we monitor climate change from space

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we can provide environmental disasters

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relief and support

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we do navigation from space gps galileo

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good examples we do telecommunications

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from space space applications

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tv

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mobile communications you name it

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we also do a lot of science we do

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research here on the international space

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station but we also have dedicated

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satellites that study the earth that

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study

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the universe around us probes that go

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all over so uh so that's that's a lot of

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uh various activities and human space

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flight and the iss is just one of them

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but they all make sense together you

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know a coordinated effort to understand

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better uh our world and put space at the

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hi thomas i'm valentina mate from

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dutchies colorada my question is what

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kind of research are you conducting

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during the proxima mission that could

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contribute to new technologies to be

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that's a good question we have lots of

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technology demonstrations um

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maybe one of them is called matisse it

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tests

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new surfaces

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that prevents the proliferation of

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bacteria it's going to be very helpful

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for us on the iss but it could also be

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used

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on the ground in

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hospitals uh in a clinical environment

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or in the transportation hubs like

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airports the underground things like

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this

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we have aqua pad it's a new way of of

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testing water for uh for coliform

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bacteria and and microbial life uh it's

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much faster than we used to do before

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and it could be used in countries where

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access to clean water is sometimes

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problematic so that's only two of the

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examples uh but there's many many of the

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experiments that we're performing here

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that look at new technology because

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that's what we what we're trying to do

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we're trying to create new technology

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thank you tamar we're now heading to

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ireland for their two questions ireland

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hello tama my name is mary gory and i'm

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a science teacher from saint joseph's

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college in burrisselli county temporary

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our question is

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how long does it take for the research

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experiments and new findings done on

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board the iss to be used in technologies

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it's a good question it's um

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i mean it depends for for some of the

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experiments for especially technology

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demonstration it's very quick at the end

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of the mission you've proven that the

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technology was suitable for space or for

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some other applications on the ground uh

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for some more complex human research it

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takes longer

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but that's not only true on board the

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iss it's true everywhere for every kind

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of scientific research

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for example human research we need a lot

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of subjects there's only a limited

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number of people who fly to space every

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year so for example the space headaches

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experiment for misa looking at headaches

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and how to help prevent them

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needs 24 subjects so that's a few years

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of data collection data gathering then

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analysis and then only publishing and

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getting the results so we're working on

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that we're trying to make that cycle

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between the id and the result as short

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as possible but it's still going to be a

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few years because that's the nature of

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hello tomat my name is alan hobbins i'm

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here with some of the boys from claim

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boys school

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our question is how does your time in

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space help us to improve methods of

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caring for sick people here on the

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ground

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thanks

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so hold is a whole section of the of the

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research we do on iss uh which is human

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research so clearly

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the goal here is to help improve what's

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existing on earth and then and then make

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new discoveries um so we look at

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different things we look at bone we look

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at muscle loss because that's affecting

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us and we apply these results to to

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people suffering from those those

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pathologies on on the ground we look at

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neurological research how the brain of

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the astronaut gets rewired in a new

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environment which is pretty much the

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only example of such a such a process in

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an adult human being and what that does

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is when we come back on the ground the

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scientists can can study how we rewired

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our brains and then it gives them a

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better let's say map of the of the brain

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which is very very poorly known and then

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they go they can go see people who have

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had

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traffic accidents bad motorcycle falls

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and have brain brain traumas brain

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injuries and then now they know where to

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look they know how to improve their

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condition so that's that's two of the

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examples of what we do

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thank you tama and now we switch to

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portugal for their two questions

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hi thomas

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i'm cesar from chicago professional

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mother

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how do you test for water and bacterial

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contamination on the iss

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are these testing methods also used on

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how do we test for water so we have a we

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have a process an existing process

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um we

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we sampled our water water system here

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on board the iss and we have a microbial

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detection kit

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uh going to take uh

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45 hours of incubation to test for

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coliform bacteria and for other

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microbial life

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we have some different different bags

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different

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chemical substances that we test the

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water with um

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again on that proximal mission we're

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testing a new way of doing this much

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faster

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it's only going to be a few minutes uh

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to to inject the water in a very tiny

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sample holder and then you incubate and

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you get the result right away

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and the idea is it's not only going to

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save us time here and make our life

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simpler

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on board the iss but it's also going to

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be used

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in countries where where sometimes after

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a disaster the access to clean water is

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problematic

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so that's that's pretty much the way we

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we will now switch back to romania for

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hello thomas i'm nicoletta from

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high school compatrilla and my question

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is when a natural disaster happens on

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earth can you see it from space is there

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a way that you or kita can send a

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very often so

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so it's interesting to know that the iss

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flies over 90 percent of the inhabited

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uh land in the world every 24 hours so

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it's a very good platform for earth

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observation

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especially when it comes to to land and

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natural and sorry and human activities

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so

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very often we won't be the first ones to

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detect a natural disaster it's going to

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be detected on the ground or by the

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satellites but then what we do

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is we try to take imagery of it and

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every day we have

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targets for us to simply take a picture

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of

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and we're trying to we're trying to

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get the best images we can of different

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floodings or volcanic eruptions

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landslides

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things like this not very nice but but

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we're trying to do our best we also used

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to have a permanent imaging system on

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the on the iss but it's been it's been

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retired um

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it's been retired recently but so now it

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mostly comes down to us simply taking

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pictures the best we can

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and sending them down and they're being

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used to assess the situation and to

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thank you to mo we will now head to

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ireland for one question ireland go

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hello tama my name is guerra dunhu i'm a

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primary school teacher from scalida

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korberly in limerick and our question

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for you is

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what new technologies related to

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navigation are being used on the iss and

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in space which can benefit us here on

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so navigation is a is a big deal for us

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uh it's a big deal on earth as well

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we have so there's there's several

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different systems one that we we use all

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the time permanently on the iss and

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people forget about it's called vessel

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idea so it helps tracking ships

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[Music]

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ships at large at sea

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because there's they have there's very

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few ways for them to communicate between

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one another and to coordinate um and to

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exchange information there's no global

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monitoring system so we're trying to

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provide this and it can help

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ships avoid themselves don't don't go on

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a collision course or exchange

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information so that's one navigation

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system that the iss provides for ships

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on earth and is being used every day

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now as far as the navigation system we

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use

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in space for um for visiting vehicles to

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approach and dock and

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fly information very precisely with the

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iss and that's one technology that

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hasn't been used too much on earth but

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it's now being used uh for aircraft

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navigation as well with

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initiatives like eggnose and more

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precise

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approach patterns for uh for aircrafts

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on the ground so that's that's also one

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way that

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the iss research and technology helps

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providing a better better condition on

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thank you toma now back to portugal for

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hello my name is vitor fernandez i'm a

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teacher at schools kundalini forte casa

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i'm a computer science teacher

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and i would like to ask do you think it

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is possible to live in a completely

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self-sustainable environment in space

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and

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are there any technologies from earth

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that are helping this become a reality

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so so it's

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iss is a very good example of not a

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closed environment because we're still

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being supplied uh from the ground in

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terms of food in terms of spare parts

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and

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minimize this amount as much as possible

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for obvious reasons because it takes a

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lot of effort um to bring those supplies

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on board the iss they have to be

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launched for the earth so we're trying

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to recycle as much as we can we're

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trying to generate as less waste as we

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can

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and to be self-sufficient

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as much as we can if we want to go

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deeper into space it's going to become

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um a challenge and and the space agency

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have understood that and they're working

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on it

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in isa we had the we have the melissa

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project which is

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which is attempting to create a

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completely closed

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environment and it's going to produce

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its own water its own food and it's

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going to be completely

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closed from the rest of the world and

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the idea is if you can do this on earth

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and then you'll be able one day to do

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this in space

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and there are some critical technologies

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that we're also testing here on the iss

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how to grow plants in space there's a

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couple experiments one running right now

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as we speak that look at how to how to

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make that happen in space so so that

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when you when we go deeper into space

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for further mission mars and further we

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have this this capacity of growing our

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own food and not be dependent on

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supplies from earth we looked we look at

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3d printing how to produce our own tools

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and maybe one day we'll use the the

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moon regolith to produce our own habitat

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or on our own modules our own fuel on

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mars so those are all the

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projects that we're looking at it seems

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futuristic

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but it's going to happen if we want to

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go further and and we certainly do want

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thank you tamar let's head back to

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romania for one question romania please

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my name is octavian and primary teacher

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what do you think in one of the most

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significant discoveries of invention for

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society created from research carried

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out in space and in particular on the

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so there's a

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there's uh there's different ways that

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in in which what we do benefits the

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earth there's of course a lot of

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technology that's being developed to fly

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in space and then applied

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on the ground you think about solar

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panels uh navigation we've already

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mentioned it lighter materials better

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propulsion things like this and when you

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when you speak about research uh carried

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out on the iss um we have a lot of

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research into alloys

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and now if you have a smartphone that's

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lighter and stronger it's more certainly

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using the results of what we do on the

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iss we look at medicine

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thanks to the robotics technology now we

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can operate patients inside an mri

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machine which was not possible before so

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some of the tumors that were

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unfortunately fatal before in the past

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are not anymore thanks to iss technology

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and research

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we look at people's health we look at

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understanding vision changes it's going

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to help people with a bad vision on

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earth

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and and there's just so many ways in

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which every day what we do i try to

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think of how is that going to be useful

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to people and

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and very often i'm really pleased

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because i can see directly the link

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between what we do and how it's going to

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work on earth whether it be studying the

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immune system working on a new vaccine

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thank you tama we now head to ireland

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hello thomas my name is mary mcilhenny

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and i'm a primary teacher in the bridges

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school in limerick city

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and my question for you today relates to

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eyesight

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change while they're in space

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and we're wondering if the research done

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in relation to this can have other

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applications such as helping to prevent

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loss of sight in people on earth thank

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yeah we have we have actually a

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huge study that we're carrying out right

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now

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i took part yesterday i'm going to take

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part tomorrow as well it's called fluid

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shift it looks at vision changes um

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related to human spaceflight and

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astronauts because

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some of us experience a vision change

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during the during their spaceflight

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sometimes after

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so so it's a huge it's a huge deal for

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us we're looking at it uh very closely

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and

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the results that so it's going to take a

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few years like i said before we really

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have precise results but the results

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when we get them are going to apply to

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all the

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intracranial pressure um

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is higher than it should be and and all

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that all that kind of all that kind of

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eye trauma so yeah it will most

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certainly benefit people

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with these pathologies on earth and and

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i'm i'm hoping it's going to help people

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thank you very much for your time

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tomorrow unfortunately we have no more

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time for questions so i'll give you a

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chance to say goodbye to romania ireland

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to portugal and to those following

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yes it was a pleasure

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to be with all of you again across the

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whole of europe from the international

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space station

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and

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i'm particularly pleased that this event

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took place with teachers and students

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it's actually studying hard at school

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that got me here so i can only encourage

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the people and especially the students

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and the kids to uh what to follow their

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dreams and to to believe in themselves

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and to study hard at school school is

435
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not here to uh to be in the way of

436
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anything is not here to bother you to

437
00:19:25,350 --> 00:19:22,880
prevent you from doing what you like to

438
00:19:27,029 --> 00:19:25,360
do is here to help you it's here to help

439
00:19:28,950 --> 00:19:27,039
you reach your goals it's helped you

440
00:19:31,430 --> 00:19:28,960
help it's here to help you achieve your

441
00:19:43,909 --> 00:19:31,440
dreams that's what worked for me so i'm

442
00:19:49,669 --> 00:19:45,510
station this is houston acr that

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00:19:53,669 --> 00:19:51,270
thank you to all participants from the

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00:19:55,270 --> 00:19:53,679
european space agency station we are now